What is Joomla?
Joomla is a free and open-source content management system (CMS) designed to build websites and powerful online applications. It’s known for its extensibility and ease of use, both for web developers and site administrators. Joomla allows users to create, edit, publish, and manage web content, as well as control data and information on a website or intranet application. It’s suitable for a wide range of web content, including corporate sites, online magazines, e-commerce sites, and personal or family homepages.
How to install Joomla 5 on Ubuntu/Debian?
If you a fresh install you should update and upgrade the server.
| sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y |
Next we need to install Apache, PHP with some extentions and MariaDB needed to run Joomla.
Apache:
| sudo apt install apache2 -y |
PHP and extentions:
| sudo apt install php libapache2-mod-php php-curl php-gd php-intl php-mbstring php-mysql php-soap php-xml php-xmlrpc php-zip |
MariaDB:
| sudo apt install mariadb-server |
After the all is installed it’s time to configure the several components
For MariaDB now you need to do a secure installation, that can set the root database user password, remove anonymous user, disallow root login remotely, remove test the database, and reload privilege tables.
| sudo mysql_secure_installation |
Once you run this command basically you will reply to everything has Y (yes) and set a password when asked.
Now after this is all done, it’s time to create a DB user and DB for joomla and for that you need to enter the command bellow and the password you defined on the previous command.
| sudo mysql -u root -p |
This prompt should appear.
| MariaDB [(none)]> |
Now you can create the user and database with the example bellow.
|
CREATE DATABASE joomla_db DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci; SHOW DATABASES; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON joomla_db.* TO joomla_user@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'your_super_secret_password'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; EXIT; |
Next, it’s Apache, you need to check systemd and configure a conf file for Joomla on Apache
Checking status of Apache web server:
| sudo systemctl status apache2 |
If you have an output similar to this, all is good
|
● apache2.service - The Apache HTTP Server Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/apache2.service; enabled; preset: enabled) Active: active (running) since Fri 2024-04-19 17:15:06 WEST; 5 days ago Docs: https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/ Process: 664 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/apachectl start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 50319 ExecReload=/usr/sbin/apachectl graceful (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 785 (apache2) Tasks: 11 (limit: 9098) Memory: 166.9M CPU: 1min 23.354s CGroup: /system.slice/apache2.service ├─ 1785 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start |
Next you need to enable the Apache2 service (in modern Ubuntu/Debian it might be enabled by default)
|
sudo systemctl enable apache2 |
Even before we download Joomla you can start to prepare all configuration files on Apache.
I will now create a configuration file for Joomla called Joomla.conf on the following directory /etc/apache2/sites-available/
|
sudo vi /etc/apache2/sites-available/joomla.conf |
Inside of this you can put something similar with the example bellow
|
<VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin DocumentRoot /var/www/joomla/ ServerName blogfish.example ServerAlias www. blogfish.example ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
<Directory /var/www/joomla/> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All Require all granted </Directory> </VirtualHost> |
After this file is create you need to enable the site and also disable the default site from Apache
|
sudo a2ensite joomla.conf sudo a2enmod rewrite sudo a2dissite 000-default.conf |
Finally restart and check status of Apache
|
sudo systemctl restart apache2 ; sudo systemctl status apache2 |
Next is time to create the directories where we are going install and then download Joomla
|
sudo mkdir -p /var/www/joomla |
To download first go to the web site https://downloads.joomla.org/ right click on download Joomla and copy the link
After you copied the link it’s time to use wget to download Joomla to the desired path
|
cd /var/www/Joomla sudo wget https://downloads.joomla.org/cms/joomla5/5-1-0/Joomla_5-1-0-Stable-Full_Package.zip?format=zip (remove the part in red) sudo unzip Joomla_5-1-0-Stable-Full_Package.zip ; sudo rm Joomla_5-1-0-Stable-Full_Package.zip sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/joomla/ sudo systemctl restart apache2 |
Now if everything is configured correctly you should go to the server IP or localhost and see something like the images bellow
Name your website and choose a language
Create a login for your website
After you need to create the connection to the database with the credentials you create earlier
After the installation you should get a window like this and you are done installing Joomla.
For more information, please refer to: Joomla